Mississippi Today
On this day in 1940
Feb. 29, 1940
Hattie McDaniel became the first Black American to win an Oscar, playing the role of the servant Mammy in the film “Gone With the Wind.”
The daughter of a gospel singer and a veteran of the Union Army, she spent a lifetime fighting racism in her long career, which included singing the blues and performing on the radio. After the stock market crash in 1929, she could only find work cleaning bathrooms at a Milwaukee-area club. The owner finally agreed to let her on stage, and she became a regular performer.
McDaniel went on to appear in more than 300 films, singing with Paul Robeson and others and performing with everyone from Jimmy Stewart to the Three Stooges.
Thinking she had little chance to get the part in “Gone With the Wind” because of her reputation as a comic actress, she showed up at the audition in an authentic maid's uniform and won the role. She said she felt she understood the role because her own grandmother had worked on a plantation similar to Tara.
Despite her stellar performance, Georgia's segregation laws barred her from going to the film's premiere in Atlanta. When Clark Gable threatened to boycott, she convinced him to attend anyway. She did, however, attend the Hollywood screening of the film.
After being handed the Oscar, she told those gathered, “This is one of the happiest moments of my life, and I want to thank each one of you who had a part in selecting me for one of their awards, for your kindness. It has made me feel very, very humble; and I shall always hold it as a beacon for anything that I may be able to do in the future. I sincerely hope I shall always be a credit to my race and to the motion picture industry. My heart is too full to tell you just how I feel, and may I say thank you and God bless you.”
When some criticized her for accepting that role and others like it, she replied, “Why should I complain about making $700 a week playing a maid? If I didn't, I'd be making $7 a week being one.”
During World War II, she chaired the Negro Division of the Hollywood Victory Committee, performing with actress Bette Davis for the troops. When white residents of Los Angeles sought to have Black families evicted through race restrictive covenants, she helped fight the matter in court, and the families won.
In the years that followed, McDaniel became the first Black actor to star in her own radio show with the comedy series, “Beulah,” and replaced Ethel Waters in the TV version of the show. After filming a handful of episodes, she had to quit because she had been diagnosed with breast cancer.
Racism kept her from being buried in the then-whites-only Hollywood Forever Cemetery. (Cemetery officials later put up a monument honoring her.) Thousands attended her funeral service, and two stars honor her on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (one for radio and one for film).
In 2006, the U.S. Postal Service featured her on a stamp, and four years later, when Mo'Nique received an Oscar for her performance in “Precious,” she appeared in a blue dress and gardenias in her hair, just as McDaniel had, and thanked the late star “for enduring all that she had to so that I would not have to.”
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
Mississippi Today
Veiled accusations fly in hearing over disappearance and death of Jackson man
Following a contentious hearing Tuesday in the disappearance and death of a Jackson man, a Hinds County judge said he intends to keep an injunction in place until the state can complete an autopsy.
Chancery Court Judge Dewayne Thomas heard arguments Tuesday morning in a lawsuit to determine who will decide what happens to the remains of Belhaven Heights resident Dau Mabil and whether an independent autopsy can happen.
Mabil, 33, disappeared March 25, and three weeks later, his body was found over 50 miles away in the Pearl River in Lawrence County.
The day that a preliminary autopsy determined that the body was that of Mabil, his brother, Bul, filed the lawsuit against Mabil's wife, Karissa Bowley, and state investigators: the Capitol Police and the State Crime Lab. None of the defendants said they were notified of the April 18 hearing when Thomas entered the emergency temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction.
Bul Mabil and his attorneys have raised suspicions about what led to Dau Mabil's death, and they argue that an independent autopsy is the only way to be certain there was no foul play – contrary to what the Lawrence County sheriff has said. U.S. Rep. Bennie Thompson has requested the Justice Department investigate.
On Tuesday, that led to pointed questions by Bul Mabil's attorney Lisa Ross to Bowley, who testified for nearly two hours.
Ross' questions included implications about whether Bowley or some of her family members had something to do with Mabil's disappearance, including introduction of text message evidence showing that the couple had fought and spent a few days apart in the weeks leading up to him going missing.
The questioning culminated when Paloma Wu, who is representing Bowley, asked if she killed Mabil or knew who did, and Bowley said no.
Ross also asked Bowley other reasons why her husband went missing, including past arguments they had, money, whether Mabil was suicidal and why she didn't accompany him on March 25.
Throughout testimony, Wu made multiple objections to Ross' questioning, asking about how they were relevant, saying they were hearsay and they should be stricken from the record. Judge Thomas allowed most of the questions.
“This has become a performance for free-wheeling defamation,” Wu said about the attorney's questioning. “This is not a murder trial against Karissa.”
To date, there has been no evidence of foul play and nobody has been criminally charged.
Bowley said she would have agreed to an independent autopsy if Bul Mabil had just asked, and she would have preferred the family to have a conversation rather than having to go to court.
Multiple times, Ross asked Bowley if she would agree to make the results of the state's autopsy public and to allow an independent autopsy on Mabil's body.
“I have no reason not to,” Bowley replied.
In court filings, Bul Mabil argued he should be considered the next of kin who can make decisions about his brother's body rather than his brother's wife. Wu said the state law is clear that a surviving spouse takes precedence as next of kin over siblings and other descendants.
After the hearing, Ross said her questions highlight how there is no Mississippi case law that defines who counts as a surviving spouse. In other states, she found that courts have ruled that an estranged or separated spouse does not count as next of kin.
A motion by Capitol Police and the State Crime Lab filed late last week asks the judge to dismiss the temporary restraining order and lawsuit complaint.
Thomas said he plans to issue an order Thursday to address pending motions and issues raised in the hearing, and he said he will release a separate order addressing Bowley's request to be added as a plaintiff.
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
Mississippi Today
The Pulse: Mississippians rally for full Medicaid expansion
Rev. Reginald Buckley joined hundreds of doctors, clergy, and Mississippians from over 35 communities at the Capitol in Jackson for a “Full Expansion Day” rally, urging legislators to expand Medicaid coverage under the federal Affordable Care Act on Tuesday, April 16, 2024.
READ MORE: ‘A matter of life and death': Hundreds rally at Capitol for full Medicaid expansion
Mississippi health news you can't get anywhere else.
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
Mississippi Today
Senate ushers in new college board appointees with few questions asked about higher education
Hearings for new members of the governing board of Mississippi's public universities last week were in a small, out-of-the-way room on the fourth floor of the Capitol that does not have live-streaming capabilities.
Senate committee meetings are usually broadcast on YouTube, a point of pride for the chamber where lawmakers occasionally mock the Mississippi House for not doing the same.
But the failure to broadcast the hearings for Gov. Tate Reeves' nominees to the Institutions of Higher Learning Board of Trustees means there is no way for students, faculty or staff who could not make it to Jackson to observe the proceedings to know what occurred, even as, according to multiple senators, the meeting was standing-room-only.
This is noteworthy because the IHL Board meetings are pro forma; the 12 trustees almost always vote in lock-step and rarely discuss policy proposals during regular open meetings in Jackson. The Senate has advise-and-consent power on the governor's nominees, so its confirmation hearings are one of the few times trustees, who serve nine-year terms, must take questions from representatives of the public.
Though Reeves' four nominees were asked by Sen. Nicole Boyd, R-Oxford, the chair of the Senate Colleges and Universities Committee, about why they wanted to serve on the IHL board, multiple senators told Mississippi Today they could not recall, or did not ask, the appointees any questions about higher education issues. The nominees were confirmed by the full Senate with no questions on Sunday afternoon.
The committee hearing occurred on April 23 at 1 p.m. in room 407, a small room tucked away in a corner of the fourth floor observation balcony, behind a scanner, a security guard, an assistant's desk and a sign that says “NO ADMITTANCE Senate Staff Only.”
“I really don't think I thought about how it didn't have live-streaming capabilities,” said Boyd, who is also a Senate conferee embroiled in the contentious Medicaid expansion negotiations. “There wasn't anything sinister about it.”
Boyd added that before the committee hearing, she and the chair of the House Colleges and Universities Committee had interviewed the four nominees. She said she was excited about the different experiences the new trustees would bring to the board.
“Our committee really wants to work closely with the college board and the community college board,” Boyd said. “I wish there were cameras in there because it's more of an intimate setting. I would like to have more meetings in there … just because the room is small and you're around the table.”
New IHL board member Jerry Griffith, a retired IRS agent who previously served on the Gaming Commission, said he was even confused if the hearing was public or private when he was contacted by Mississippi Today.
“Please forgive me, I'm not trying to be ugly or anything, but I'm so new to the board,” Griffith said. “I'm not sure if I can share anything.”
Griffith said he would be happy to chat with Mississippi Today after he made some calls, but he did not respond to further inquiries. Charlie Stephenson, the president of the Mississippi State Bulldog Club Board of Directors, and Don Clark, an attorney at Butler Snow, did not respond to Mississippi Today's requests for comment.
The final new board member, Jimmy Heidelberg, an attorney from Pascagoula, said he did not know all the committee members, but that Boyd and several other senators asked him about his education and professional experience.
“She just said we've all got your information and your background, is there anything else you want to add or ask me and I said, ‘well, it was pretty thorough,'” Heidelberg recalled, adding that he told the committee he was also concerned with Mississippi's declining population of college-aged residents.
“I said, ‘we need the best universities that we can have to keep kids home,'” he added.
Heidelberg was not asked about any policies he would support to achieve that goal, and he said he wouldn't speak on that because he is not yet familiar with the board's inner workings.
Mississippi Today asked if he supported the proposal from State Auditor Shad White to defund college degrees that don't contribute to the state's economy.
“I don't know specifically what you're talking about, but I think everybody would share if you go to college and study and achieve a degree, hopefully you will come out to be a contributing citizen with a skill that you can support yourself and your family on,” he said. “That's the point of education.”
This session, a failed effort to rename Mississippi University for Women threw a spotlight on the ailing enrollment of the state's regional colleges. Lawmakers introduced several controversial proposals to reduce the number of public universities in the state, prompting outcry, particularly from supporters of Mississippi's historically Black public universities — Jackson State University, Alcorn State University and Mississippi Valley State University.
Now, just one graduate of those three universities will sit on the IHL board after the Senate confirmed Reeves' nominees. Griffith's background report shows he graduated from Delta State University and had attended Jackson State, Boyd said.
But senators barely, if at all, asked the nominees questions about higher education, multiple sources told Mississippi Today.
“I really didn't have that many questions, and I don't remember that many questions being asked of really any of them,” said Sen. Scott DeLano, R-Biloxi.
That's not the purpose of these hearings, DeLano added. He noted Room 407 was so packed, extra chairs had to be brought in. The presidents of Mississippi State University and Delta State University were in attendance.
“Generally speaking, we don't get into that kind of stuff,” DeLano said. “It's very rare, unless it was a reappointment, but other than that, you don't want to catch somebody off guard or flat-footed on an issue they do not have … background information to understand why we're asking.”
The hearings are more about affirming the nominees' backgrounds, multiple senators said, after an investigation by the legislative watchdog. Boyd asked the nominees why they wanted to be on the IHL board.
“We got a really good sense of who they are and what they're going to bring to the college board, and I'm appreciative of people of that caliber, who could go sit and retire, giving back because the college board takes a ton of time,” Boyd said.
The last time the Senate used its power to reject an IHL appointee was in 1996 when it repeatedly turned down four of Gov. Kirk Fordice's nominees: Hassell Franklin of Houston, Ralph Simmons of Laurel, John McCarty of Jackson and Tom McNeese of Columbia. The four nominees were later confirmed in a special session.
“We want to have some general idea of where someone stands,” DeLano said, “but for the most part those boards are supposed to be independent, and they're supposed to be subject-matter experts.”
Sen. Briggs Hopson, R-Vicksburg, said he couldn't recall much of the meeting because it is the busiest time of year for him. Like other senators who spoke with Mississippi Today, he complimented the accomplishments of two of Reeves' nominees: Clark, the attorney for Butler Snow, and Heidelberg, the Pascagoula attorney, who both graduated from University of Southern Mississippi before attending the University of Mississippi School of Law.
“I don't remember exactly, and I don't know what questions were asked,” Hopson said. “I know I complemented two of the nominees that I've known … My experiences with them have always been positive.”
DeLano said that he had worked with Heidelberg on insurance policies affecting the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Boyd recalled that Clark and Griffith discussed the enrollment cliff that will uniquely affect the regional colleges.
“We've got to make sure that we're progressively and actively managing that and that we're helping our regional universities make sure that they have strong enrollment numbers and growing enrollment numbers,” Boyd said.
Ultimately, the meetings are more about jumpstarting a working relationship than they are fact-finding missions, DeLano said. After the committee wrapped, he said he spoke with Clark about public-private partnerships, because it is relevant to a bill this session that would authorize IHL to enter into a long-term lease agreement on behalf of the University of Mississippi. The bill died in conference yesterday.
“It just gives me a good opportunity to shake hands with whoever those people are and look them in the eye and tell them I look forward to working with them in my role,” DeLano said. “I've seen some committee meetings where they might get partisan on this issue. I don't care about partisanship as much as I care about their willingness to dive deep into the issues and try to understand the totality of the duties that they have.”
Sen. Sollie Norwood, D-Jackson, concurred. He said he did not ask the new trustees any questions but that he hopes to meet with them later this summer to discuss issues pertaining to the HBCUs, mainly the end of the Ayers settlement, which was meant to redress the IHL's historically underfunding of those institutions, and IHL's presidential selection process.
“I want to let them get a chance to get in and get familiar with it and then we can have those conversations,” he said.
Multiple committee members did not return inquiries from Mississippi Today or declined to comment, including: Sen. John Polk, Sen. Daniel Sparks, Sen. Josh Harkins,Sen. Alfred Butler and Sen. Tyler McCaughn.
“I am away from the Capitol and I suggest you call the committee chairwoman Senator Nicole Boyd,” Sen. Walter Michel wrote in a text.
“I wouldn't be the one to talk to,” wrote Sen. Joel Carter, also over text. “I was late due to negotiations on a conference report. I know there weren't very many questions.”
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
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