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‘Only in Mississippi’: White representatives vote to create white-appointed court system for Blackest city in America

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‘Only in Mississippi': White representatives vote to create white-appointed court system for Blackest city in America

A white supermajority of the Mississippi House voted after an intense, four-plus hour debate to create a separate court system and an expanded police force within the city of Jackson — the Blackest city in America — that would be appointed completely by white state officials.

If House Bill 1020 becomes law later this session, the white chief justice of the Mississippi Supreme Court would appoint two judges to oversee a new district within the city — one that includes all of the city's majority-white neighborhoods, among other areas. The white state would appoint four prosecutors, a court clerk, and four public defenders for the new district. The white state public safety commissioner would oversee an expanded Capitol Police force, run currently by a white chief.

The appointments by state officials would occur in lieu of judges and prosecutors being elected by the local residents of Jackson and Hinds County — as is the case in every other municipality and county in the state.

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Mississippi's capital city is 80% Black and home to a higher percentage of Black residents than any major American city. Mississippi's Legislature is thoroughly controlled by white , who have redrawn districts over the past 30 years to ensure they can pass any bill without a single Democratic vote. Every legislative Republican is white, and most Democrats are Black.

After thorough and passionate dissent from Black members of the House, the bill passed 76-38 Tuesday primarily along party lines. Two Black member of the House — Rep. Cedric Burnett, a Democrat from Tunica, and Angela Cockerham, an independent from Magnolia — voted for the measure. All but one lawmaker representing the city of Jackson — Rep. Shanda Yates, a white independent — opposed the bill.

“Only in Mississippi would we have a bill like this … where we say solving the problem requires removing the vote from Black people,” Rep. Ed Blackmon, a Democrat from Canton, said while pleading with his colleagues to oppose the measure.

READ MORE: Hinds County forces unite against bill to create unelected judicial district, expanded police force

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For most of the debate, Jackson Mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba — who has been publicly chided by the white Republicans who lead the Legislature —looked down on the House chamber from the gallery. Lumumba accused the Legislature earlier this year of practicing “plantation ” in terms of its treatment of Jackson, and of the bill that passed Tuesday, he said: “It reminds me of apartheid.”

Hinds County Circuit Judge Adrienne Wooten, who served in the House before being elected judge and would be one of the existing judges to lose jurisdiction under this House proposal, also watched the debate.

Public Safety Commissioner Sean Tindell, who oversees the Capitol Police, watched a portion of the debate from the House gallery, chuckling at times when Democrats made impassioned points about the bill. Lt. Gov. Delbert Hosemann, the only statewide elected official who owns a house in Jackson, walked onto the House floor shortly before the final vote.

Rep. Blackmon, a leader who has a decades-long history of championing issues, equated the current legislation to the Jim Crow-era 1890 Constitution that was written to strip voting rights from Black .

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“This is just like the 1890 Constitution all over again,” Blackmon said from the floor. “We are doing exactly what they said they were doing back then: ‘Helping those people because they can't govern themselves.'”

The bill was authored by Rep. Trey Lamar, a Republican whose hometown of Senatobia is 172 miles north of Jackson. It was sent to Lamar's committee by Speaker Philip Gunn instead of a House Judiciary Committee, where similar legislation normally would be heard.

“This bill is designed to make our capital city of Jackson, Mississippi, a safer place,” Lamar said, citing numerous news sources who have covered Jackson's high rates. Dwelling on a long backlog of Hinds County court cases, Lamar said the bill was designed to “help not hinder the (Hinds County) court system.”

“My constituents want to feel safe when they come here,” Lamar said, adding the capital city belonged to all the citizens of the state. “Where I am coming from with this bill is to help the citizens of Jackson and Hinds County.”

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Many House members who represent Jackson on Tuesday said they were never consulted by House leadership about the bill. Several times during the debate, they pointed out that Republican leaders have never proposed increasing the number of elected judges to address a backlog of cases or increasing state funding to assist an overloaded Jackson Police Department.

In earlier sessions, the Legislature created the Capitol Complex Improvement District, which covers much of the downtown, including the state government office complex and other areas of Jackson. The bill would extend the existing district south to Highway 80, north to County Line Road, to State Street and east to the Pearl River. Between 40,000 and 50,000 people within the area.

Opponents of the legislation, dozens of whom have protested at the Capitol several days this year, accused the authors of carving out mostly white, affluent areas of the city to be put in the new district.

The bill would double the funding for the district to $20 million in order to increase the size of the existing Capitol Police force, which has received broad criticism from Jacksonians for shooting several people in recent months with little accountability.

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The new court system laid out in House Bill 1020 is estimated to cost $1.6 million annually.

Democratic members of the House said if they wanted to help with the crime problem, the Legislature could increase the number of elected judges in Hinds County. Blackmon said Hinds County was provided four judges in 1992 when a major redistricting occurred, and that number has not increased since then even as the caseload for the four judges has exploded.

In addition, Blackmon said the number of assistant prosecuting attorneys could be increased within Hinds County. In Lamar's bill, the prosecuting of cases within the district would be conducted by attorneys in the office of Attorney General Lynn Fitch, who is white.

Blackmon said the bill was “about a land grab,” not about fighting crime. He said other municipalities in the state had higher crime rates than Jackson. Blackmon asked why the bill would give the appointed judges the authority to hear civil cases that had nothing to do with crime.

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“When Jackson becomes the No. 1 place for murder, we have a problem,” Lamar responded, highlighting the city's long backlog of court cases. Several Democrats, during the debate, pointed out that the state of Mississippi's crime lab has a lengthy backlog, as well, adding to the difficult in closing cases in Hinds County.

Lamar said the Mississippi Constitution gives the Legislature the authority to create “inferior courts,” as the Capitol Complex system would be. The decisions of the appointed judges can be appealed to Hinds County Circuit Court.

Democrats offered seven amendments, including one to make the judges elected. All were defeated primarily along partisan and racial lines.

“We not incompetent,” said Rep. Chris Bell, D-Jackson. “Our judges are not incompetent.”

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An amendment offered by Rep. Cheikh Taylor, D-Starkville, to require the Capitol Police to wear body cameras was approved. Lamar voiced support for the amendment.

Much of the debate centered around the issue of creating a court where the Black majority in Hinds County would not be allowed to vote on judges.

One amendment that was defeated would require the appointed judges to come from Hinds County. Lamar said by allowing the judges to come from areas other than Hinds County would ensure “the best and brightest” could serve. Black legislators said the comment implied that he judges and other court staff could not be found within the Black majority population of Hinds County.

When asked why he could not add more elected judges to Hinds County rather than appointing judges to the new district, Lamar said, “This is the bill that is before the body.”

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This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

Mississippi Today

Let the Olympics begin, but nothing will top what Ruthie Bolton did in 1996

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The opening ceremonies of the Summer Olympics are tonight in Paris, and my thoughts immediately go back to the only time I covered the Olympic , 1996 in Atlanta.

My first thought: Has it really been 28 years?

Rick Cleveland

Yes, it has, but in so many ways it seems as if it were only last . It remains one of the highlights of my more than half century writing about . The memories are vivid, poignant and many. There was Muhammad Ali lighting the Olympic flame with trembling hands. There was then-Hattiesburg resident Angel Martino, a swimmer, winning the first American medal and then three more. There was the bomb that went off in Centennial Park, adjacent to Olympic headquarters, putting a 24-hour hold on the Olympics and causing this sports writer to work a 36-hour shift. There were Skip Bertman and Ron Polk coaching Team USA , puffing on huge Honduran cigars all the while. There was a human blur named Michael Johnson who shattered in the 200- and 400-meter sprints. There was all that and so much more.

Most memorable of all, there was Ruthie Bolton and, by extension, the Rev. Linwood Bolton, Ruthie's daddy. For me, they became the best story of those Olympic Games and gave this Mississippi reporter more than he ever dreamed he could write home about. You could not make their story up.

Ruthie, from the tiny town of McLain, was the point guard for the gold medal-winning USA women's basketball team that pretty much stole the Olympic from Michael Jordan, Charles Barkley and the USA men's Dream Team. The American women also included such stars as Lisa Leslie, Sheryl Swoopes and Rebecca Lobo, but little Ruthie Bolton was the team's engine. She made them go, both offensively and defensively. Her story was fascinating and as Mississippi as it gets.

Start with this: Ruthie was the smallest of the 20 children born to the Rev. Linwood Bolton and his wife, Leola, who lived on a farm near McLain in Greene County, 34 miles south of Hattiesburg. Leola Bolton had died of cancer the year before the Olympics. Linwood, who at the age of 73 still pastored four south Mississippi churches, watched the first week or so at home on TV, then came to Atlanta for the last week of the games. Meeting and interviewing him was a highlight. He had lost the love of his life and much of his hearing, but his handshake was firm and he still possessed the sunny, effervescent personality of a much younger man.

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Ruthie and Rev. Linwood Bolton in 1996.

“Yes,” he answered, he was “mighty, mighty proud of Ruthie. The rest of them are bigger, but little Ruthie was a little different from the rest,” Rev. Bolton said. “She was the quiet one, but she had a fire inside. Ruthie was the fighter. She was always so determined. When she had a goal, nothing was going to stand in the way.”

On the Bolton farm, the grew corn, peas, beens, greens, okra and tomatoes. They raised cattle, hogs and chickens. Everyone pitched in with the chores, and, said Linwood, Ruthie always chose the most difficult work of all.

All that hard work on the farm somehow translated to the basketball court. For Team USA, Ruthie always got the most difficult defensive assignment. She nearly always defended the other team's best player and she led the team in steals. Offensively, she ran the show, scoring 13 points a game and leading the team in assists.

In the championship game against Brazil, played before 33,000 in the Georgia Dome, Ruthie scored 15 points, passed out five assists and made five steals. On Team USA's first offensive possession, she swished a 3-pointer from four steps beyond the 3-point line. More importantly, she was given the assignment of covering “Magic Paula” Silva, Brazil's legendary star, who scored only seven points and made her only field goal when Ruthie was taking a breather.

Afterward, I asked Ruthie how she did it. Her answer: “I was in her pants, that's how. I was all over her. If she had gone to the bathroom, I was going with her.”

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It reached the point where a Mississippi sports writer – covering a Mississippi woman in the biggest sporting event in the world – felt sorry for the star player from Brazil.

The medal presentation afterward was one never to be forgotten. There was Rev. Linwood Bolton, holding up a of his deceased wife, while his daughter, watching, smiled through tears, a gold medal draped around her neck while the Star Spangled Banner played. Again, you couldn't make this up.

Over the next weeks, many compelling Olympic stories will unfold on the courts, fields and in the pools of Gay Paree. None will be more compelling than what happened 28 years ago when Ruthie Bolton, the 16th of 20 born to Linwood and Leola Bolton, displayed more grit and will than imaginable.

The rest of the story? Rev. Bolton died in 1998. Ruthie went on to play the first seven seasons of the WNBA's existence, was a two-time all-star and has been inducted into both the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame and the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame. She has long since retired and recently has moved back to McLain where her daughter, Hope, will play basketball as a ninth grader this next season.

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And Ruthie's best memories of those Atlanta Olympics?

“On the floor, it had to be guarding that girl from Brazil in the gold medal game,” Ruthie told me. “Off the floor, just being supported by my family, all of them. I mean, have you ever gone into an Atlanta restaurant and asked for a table for 28?”

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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Mississippi Today

On this day in 1948

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mississippitoday.org – Jerry Mitchell – 2024-07-26 07:00:00

JULY 26, 1948

President Harry Truman shakes hands with Force Staff Sgt. Edward Williams, right, of St. Louis, Missouri, just two years after Truman issued Executive Order 9981. Credit: President Harry S. Truman Library and

President Harry Truman issued Executive Order 9981, which abolished racial discrimination in the United States Armed Forces, eventually leading to segregation's end in the services. The order came after he saw many returning Black soldiers become victims of violence. 

“My stomach turned over when I learned that Negro soldiers, just back from overseas, were being dumped out of army trucks in Mississippi and beaten,” he said. “I shall fight to end evils like this.” 

He formed the President's Committee on , which asked for an end to discrimination in the armed forces, and later said in a speech at the Lincoln Memorial, “We have reached a turning point in the long history of our country's efforts to guarantee and equality to all of our citizens.” 

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Throughout the early history of the U.S. military, minorities had been segregated into separate units. Often given menial tasks, they rarely saw combat. But when they had been to fight on the battlefield, they had proven their patriotism and their mettle. Many of the military brass resisted the change, and the last segregated units didn't disband until 1954. Exactly 15 years later, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara instructed military commanders to boycott private facilities used by soldiers or their families that discriminated against Black Americans.

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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Mississippi Today

Judge denies joint effort to close Tim Herrington’s capital murder case but will consider sealing filings on case-by-case basis

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mississippitoday.org – Molly Minta – 2024-07-25 11:25:39

OXFORD — The case against a former student accused of killing Jimmie “Jay” Lee will remain open after a Lafayette County Circuit Court judge denied a joint motion to seal the entirety of the filings.

In a quick hearing Thursday, Judge Kelly Luther said he would consider sealing some filings on a case-by-case basis if asked to do so by the defense for Sheldon Timothy Herrington Jr. But Luther added he did not think that would be necessary, since it was unlikely any motions before trial would contain evidence that could prejudice a jury.

“The way discovery is done in today's age, I don't anticipate getting any of those items,” Luther said before denying the motion.

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Kevin Horan, Herrington's attorney and a representative from his hometown of Grenada, said he would draft the order and circulate it among the parties. Horan had hoped the motion, which was unusually supported by District Attorney Ben Creekmore, would be successful in order to reduce further pretrial publicity, social media. The case has attracted national media attention, particularly when Herrington was shortly after Lee went missing two years ago.

“We just move forward,” Horan said.

Luther's ruling came after Mississippi Today filed a motion to intervene in the effort to close any filings before Herrington's case goes to trial later this year. The organization's motion was supported by WMC-TV, a television station based in Memphis, Tennessee and WTVA, a station based in the Tupelo-Columbus area. The Mississippi Press Association had also issued a press release urging transparency and opposing the order.

Mississippi Today's attorney, Henry Laird, commended Luther for the established by the for closing cases.

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“This is an example to other judges that this is how you work with the people, and this is how you work with the press,” Laird said.

Creekmore said there had been “some misconception” about the extent of the sealing requested by himself and Horan. Creekmore added his goal was not to seal the whole case file but to protect any motions entered before a jury.

“It wouldn't have been a complete sealing,” he said.

On Monday, the day Luther had originally intended to rule on the motion to seal the file, he also issued an order from the bench to keep the trial in Lafayette County but pull jurors from another area, then sequester them in a hotel for its duration.

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Creekmore was chiefly concerned about a motion confirming which county jurors will be pulled from leading to a flurry of media coverage in that area. He told Mississippi Today he thought the judge's Thursday order will protect the integrity of the jury.

“I think you have to accept that Lafayette County is already aware of a lot of the facts of the case, and it would be difficult to find somebody who isn't aware of the case,” Creekmore said.

In his 20 years in the courtroom, Creekmore said this case has drawn more scrutiny than many others he's worked on, but he wasn't able to say why.

“I don't have an answer to that,” he said. “I can answer that question once the case is resolved. I've got feelings on it, but I think it would be speculative on my part to try to answer for an entire community.”

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Lee was a well-known member of Oxford's LGBTQ+ community. His disappearance and two years ago has led to protests outside the courthouse and efforts to memorialize him at local drag shows and pride .

Herrington's arrest also drew scrutiny in part because his is connected in north Mississippi. A preliminary hearing setting bond detailed some of the evidence against him, including Google searches on his computer, text messages he exchanged with Lee the night Lee went missing, and K-9s that identified the smell of a dead body in his car.

But Herrington, through his attorney and family members, has maintained his innocence. As he walked down the Lafayette County Courthouse steps, Horan stated the case will go to trial.

“Certainly,” he said.

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This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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