Mississippi Today
Mississippi podiatrists want ‘ankle privileges.’ Other doctors may stand in their way

What is a foot?
Underneath the skin, tendons such as the Achilles and muscles such as the tibialis posterior run from the lower leg toward the heel and toe, complicating any attempt at a simple definition.
Mississippi podiatrists are fighting for a new law that they claim would reflect that anatomical reality by expanding their scope of practice to include the ankle. They say the proposal would allow them to offer more comprehensive care for diabetes complications, preventing amputations, and to treat conditions such as Achilles tendonitis and ankle fractures, expanding patients’ access to care.
The ankle itself is comprised of one foot bone – the talus – and two leg bones, the tibia and the fibula. And Mississippi is now just one of two states where podiatrists lack “ankle privileges,” as the American Podiatric Medical Association puts it.
“That’s the whole thing—they think you’re a foot specialist so you’re just supposed to stop at the talus?” said Dr. Charles Caplis, the owner of Foot Specialists of South Mississippi and vice president of the Mississippi Podiatric Medical Association, who came to the Capitol Tuesday morning to talk with lawmakers about the proposal.
But they are facing opposition from the Mississippi Orthopaedic Society, whose members currently have an effective monopoly on ankle surgeries in the state.
“The Mississippi Orthopaedic Society believes all practitioners who provide surgical care should meet the uniform educational and training standards established by the [American College of Graduate Medical Education],” wrote Dr. Bryan Fagan, the society’s president, in an email to Mississippi Today. “The safest option for citizens of Mississippi is to ensure their foot and ankle surgeons are educated, trained, and credentialed by the same standards as every other medical and surgical specialty.”
Podiatrists in Mississippi and beyond say they’re not surprised by that position, which claims they lack the right training and experience to perform ankle surgeries. The American Medical Association generally opposes scope of practice expansions that allow professionals other than doctors of medicine and osteopathic medicine to perform more services.
In Massachusetts, the only other state with similar restrictions on podiatrists’ scope still in place, the big hurdle has also been opposition from the orthopedists who perform foot and ankle surgery, said Dr. James Christina, executive director of the American Podiatric Medical Association.
“It is about competition for the same patients essentially,” he said.
On Tuesday, Caplis and Dr. Steven Georgian, a podiatrist in Lucedale, stood in the Capitol rotunda to make the argument that the status quo for lower leg care in Mississippi isn’t working. Georgian, who completed his training in Ohio and Pennsylvania, moved back to Mississippi because he wanted to fight for ankle privileges.
Nearly 15% of Mississippi adults have diabetes, the second-highest rate in the country. The disease can damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of wounds that won’t heal, and nerves, creating numbness in the feet that makes it harder for people to realize they have a cut or blister– all putting people at risk of amputation. Mississippians have high amputation rates, and nationally Black patients are three times likelier to lose a limb than others. Within five years of an amputation, patients are likely to die.
With an expanded scope of practice, podiatrists say they could treat those issues more comprehensively and reduce amputations.
Bringing Mississippi’s laws in line with other states would also help bring more podiatrists to the state, they argue, which would improve access for people with diabetes. In 2020, there were only 67 licensed podiatrists in the entire state, according to the Mississippi State Board of Medical Licensure, and not all of them practice.
Christina, of the national association, shared data showing that Mississippi has one podiatrist for every 32,500, while Florida, “which has a very good ankle law,” has one for every 10,300. (Neighboring Alabama, which just changed its law last year to include the ankle, has one for every 30,000.)
State code currently limits the practice of podiatric medicine to “conditions of the human foot.” The proposal would add the words “and ankle, and their governing and related structures, including the muscles or tendons of the lower leg governing the functions of the foot and ankle.” It would also label podiatrists as physicians.
And it would require any podiatrist performing “conservative and surgical treatments” to have received training at an accredited program.
Christina said that when podiatrists first began performing surgeries, they stuck to the foot. But their training has evolved to include ankle surgery, which also makes sense anatomically.
“The foot and ankle become a little bit tough to distinguish,” he said.
Caplis offered a rebuttal to the idea that podiatrists aren’t equipped to perform ankle surgery: Maybe that was true in the past, but it no longer is. Podiatrists get four years of graduate medical education and spend three years in a hospital-based residency that includes training in surgery.
“Medicine advances,” he said. “It’s called society, and civilization. We’re not asking for more than what we’re trained to do.”
This isn’t the first time Mississippi podiatrists have sought to expand the legal limits of their work.
Angela Weathersby, executive director of the state podiatry association, said they began the push in around 2017, and a similar proposal was nearly over the finish line before the pandemic. Now, they’re trying to rebuild momentum.
Sen. Hillman Frazier, D-Jackson, has supported it in the past because he thinks it could help reduce amputations.
“Save a limb, save a life,” he said.
John Higgins traveled to the Capitol from Biloxi on Tuesday to stand with Caplis and Georgian. As a diabetic, he saw doctor after doctor to treat wounds on his legs. They sent him to the podiatrist for what they thought was a callus. But there turned out to be an ulcer underneath. Higgins also had Charcot foot, a type of nerve damage that can cause joint bones in the foot to collapse and increase the risk of infection.
Caplis said that on two different occasions, Higgins was admitted to the ER and a surgeon wanted to amputate his leg. Instead, Higgins went to see Caplis and was able to keep the limb.
That’s a common pattern, Caplis said.
“You go get admitted and they want to cut it off,” he said. “And then I’m having to say, ‘No, no, no, okay. He just needs to be stabilized for a minute. We can work on this.’”
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
Mississippi Today
Pearl River Glass Studio’s stained glass windows for historic Memphis church destroyed in fire
For the Pearl River Glass Studio, located in the Midtown neighborhood of Jackson, it started as an honor and labor of love, with Memphis-based artist Lonnie Robinson, who out of hundreds of artistic contestants, won the privilege to create the stained glass windows along with artist Sharday Michelle, for the historic Clayborn Temple, located in Memphis, Tennessee, as part of a massive renovation project.


This team of artisans restored three enormous stained glass windows, panel by panel, for the historic church that was a bastion for the Civil Rights movement in Memphis, Tennessee, in the 1960s. The stained glass windows depicted Civil Rights icons and paid homage to the 1968 Memphis Sanitation Strike, which lasted 64 days from Feb. 12 to April 16, 1968. It is the site where sanitation workers agreed to end the strike when city officials recognized their union and their raised wages.





Over time, the church fell into disrepair and closed in 1999.
In 2018, it was officially named a national treasure by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

The $14 million restoration of Clayborn Temple was a collaborative effort by non-profits, movers and shakers on the national scene, community leaders and donations.







The hard work, the labors of love, the beautiful stained glass arch windows and other restorative work at the historic church all came to an end due to a fire in the wee hours of Monday morning on April 28 of this year.

The cause of the fire is currently under investigation.

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The post Pearl River Glass Studio's stained glass windows for historic Memphis church destroyed in fire appeared first on mississippitoday.org
Mississippi Today
Podcast: Economist discusses Mississippi economy’s vulnerability
State Economist Corey Miller talks with Mississippi Today’s Geoff Pender and Bobby Harrison about the state of the state economy, chances of recession amid trade war, federal spending cuts and state tax overhaul. He declines to answer questions about MSU baseball.
READ MORE: As lawmakers look to cut taxes, Mississippi mayors and county leaders outline infrastructure needs
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The post Podcast: Economist discusses Mississippi economy's vulnerability appeared first on mississippitoday.org
Mississippi Today
How state law allows private schools to ‘double dip’ by using two public programs for the same students
The Mississippi Legislature’s insistence of not requiring oversight has resulted in a way for private schools to “double dip,” or receive money from two separate state programs to educate the same handful of students.
There is currently no mechanism in state law to allow state officials to determine whether double dipping is occurring. More importantly, there is nothing in state law to prevent double dipping from occurring.
So, maybe the private schools are double dipping and maybe they are not. And this is not an effort to demonize private schools — many of which are doing stellar work — but to point out the lack of state oversight and to question the wisdom of sending public funds to private schools.
There are two primary programs in Mississippi that provide public funds and state tax credit funds to private schools: the Education Scholarship Account and the Children’s Promise Act.
The programs overlap in terms of the children the private schools must educate to receive the state benefits. To receive money through an Education Scholarship Account of up to $7,829 per year to attend a private school, a student must be designated as a special needs student. The special needs designation could be the result of a physical, mental or emotional issue. An attention deficit disorder, for instance, could result in a special needs designation.
On the other hand, students who make private schools eligible to receive the Children’s Promise Act tax credit benefits must have “a chronic illness or physical, intellectual, developmental or emotional disability” or be eligible for the free lunch program or be a foster child.
No more than $3 million per year can be spent through the Education Scholarship Account while the Children’s Promise Act is capped at $9 million annually.
The bottom line is that state officials do not know how many students the private schools are serving through the Children’s Promise Act state tax credits.
The Mississippi Department of Revenue, which has a certain amount of oversight of the Children’s Promise Act funds, has said in the past it knew the number of children being served in the first year a school received the state tax credit funds, but the agency does not know whether the number of students being served in following years changes.
In short, there is nothing in state law that would prevent a private school from receiving the maximum benefit of $405,000 annually while enrolling only one child fitting the definition that would make the school eligible to receive the tax credit funds.
There is a little more oversight of the Education Scholarship Account funds, though that oversight has been slow and has only occurred after a legislative watchdog group pointed out the lax oversight.
If a school has fewer than 10 students receiving the ESA funds, the state Department of Education will not release the exact number, citing privacy concerns. But the Department of Education has released the amount of ESA funds each school received during the 2023-24 school year.
According to that information, multiple schools receiving those ESA funds but educating fewer than 10 ESA students also are receiving significant Children’s Promise Act tax credit funds. According to the Department of Revenue, as of January, six schools had received the maximum tax credit funds of $405,000 for calendar year 2024.
Three of those schools also received Education Scholarship Account funds for fewer than 10 students. For instance, one private school received $16,461 in Education Scholarship Account funds, or most likely money for two students.
If the students receiving the ESA funds were the same ones making the school eligible for the $405,000 in tax credit funds, that would mean the state was paying $210,730 per student whereas the average per pupil spending in the public schools is about $11,500 per pupil in state and local funding.
Of course, state law does not prohibit private schools from educating only one child with special needs and being eligible for the maximum tax credit benefit of $405,000 annually.
Perhaps it seems far-fetched that a private school would be educating only one child to be eligible to receive up to $405,000 in tax credit funds.
But it also seems far-fetched that for years the students receiving the Education Scholarship Account funds were mandated by state law to use the money to go to schools equipped to meet their special education needs. Yet, research by the Legislature’s Performance Evaluation and Expenditure Review Committee (PEER) found the students were going to private schools that in some instances did not have any special education teachers and in some cases the students were still getting those services from the public schools.
Perhaps the Legislature’s PEER Committee needs to do some more research to determine whether double dipping is occurring.
This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The post How state law allows private schools to 'double dip' by using two public programs for the same students appeared first on mississippitoday.org
Note: The following A.I. based commentary is not part of the original article, reproduced above, but is offered in the hopes that it will promote greater media literacy and critical thinking, by making any potential bias more visible to the reader –Staff Editor.
Political Bias Rating: Centrist
The article presents a critical examination of Mississippi state law and the potential for private schools to receive funds from multiple public programs, with little oversight. The tone is analytical, raising questions about the effectiveness and transparency of the system, without offering a strong ideological stance. The language is factual, with a focus on state law and fiscal policy rather than promoting a political agenda. Although the article critiques the absence of proper oversight, it avoids demonizing private schools, instead advocating for more legislative scrutiny. The piece sticks to the reporting of facts, with a call for further investigation into the issue.
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