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Mississippi is ‘A Complete Unknown’ in Bob Dylan biopic

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mississippitoday.org – Jerry Mitchell – 2025-01-08 09:43:00

The new film, “A Complete Unknown,” tells the story of Bob Dylan’s rise to success in the early 1960s, but the movie leaves out two fascinating Mississippi stories.

On the evening of June 11, 1963, President John F. Kennedy delivered his first civil rights speech in which he declared that the grandchildren of enslaved Black Americans “are not fully free. They are not yet freed from the bonds of injustice. They are not yet freed from social and economic oppression. And this Nation, for all its hopes and all its boasts, will not be fully free until all its citizens are free.”

Hours later, Mississippi NAACP leader and World War II veteran Medgar Evers was fatally shot in the back outside his home in Jackson.

Less than a month later, Dylan (portrayed in the movie by Timothée Chalamet) unveiled a new song in a cotton field several miles south of Greenwood, where Evers’ assassin, Byron De La Beckwith, lived.

That field happened to be owned by Laura McGhee, the sister of Gus Courts, who was forced to flee Mississippi after surviving an assassination attempt in 1955. Her three sons, Clarence, Silas and Jake, took part in protests that helped integrate the Leflore Theatre in Greenwood. Her house was shot into and firebombed, but she and her sons kept on fighting.

Dozens of Black Americans listened as they parked under umbrellas to block out the blazing sun while Dylan debuted the song, a scene that Danny Lyon captured in photos.

As he strummed chords, he told those gathered, “I just wanted to sing one song because I haven’t slept in two nights, and I’m a little shaky. But this is about Medgar Evers.”

His shakiness showed. He had to restart once before continuing.

Titled “Only a Pawn in Their Game,” Dylan’s song focused on how Evers’ assassin and other poor white Mississippians are nothing more than a pawn in the white politicians’ “game.”

A South politician preaches to the poor white man

“You got more than the blacks, don’t complain

You’re better than them, you been born with white skin,” they explain

And the Negro’s name

Is used, it is plain

For the politician’s gain

As he rises to fame

And the poor white remains

On the caboose of the train

But it ain’t him to blame

He’s only a pawn in their game

In the final verse, Dylan spoke about the civil rights leader.

Today, Medgar Evers was buried from the bullet he caught

They lowered him down as a king

But when the shadowy sun sets on the one

That fired the gun

He’ll see by his grave

On the stone that remains

Carved next to his name

His epitaph plain

Only a pawn in their game

Dylan also sang, “Blowing in the Wind,” which Peter, Paul and Mary had just turned into a top hit.

Dylan’s mentor, Pete Seeger (portrayed in the movie by Edward Norton) also performed at this music festival organized by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, which had been fighting to register Black Mississippians to vote.

Dylan returned to New York City. During the day, he would hang out at the SNCC office, recalled civil rights leader Joyce Ladner. “He would get on the typewriter and start writing.”

She and her sister, Dorie, were no strangers to the civil rights movement. They had been expelled from Jackson State University in 1961 for taking part in a silent protest in support of the Tougaloo College students arrested for integrating the downtown Jackson library.

Joyce and Dorie Ladner discuss their roles in the civil rights movement. Credit: Library of Congress

Now attending Tougaloo, the sisters helped with preparations for the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. After working days at the SNCC office, they would spend nights at the apartment of Rachelle Horowitz, the march’s transportation coordinator.

Each night, they arrived at about 11 p.m., only for Dylan to sing his new songs to Dorie until well past midnight, Ladner said.

That annoyed her because she was trying to get some sleep. Each night when they arrived, “we could hear him from the elevator,” she said. “I thought, ‘Oh, God, not him again.’”

At the August 1963 march, Dylan performed the two same songs he sang in that Delta cotton field, as well as others, this time before a crowd of more than 250,000. Folk singer Joan Baez (portrayed in the movie by Monica Barbaro) harmonized.

Not long after that performance, Ladner said Dylan visited Dorie at Tougaloo and once again sang her some of his songs before he said that he and the others “had to be going. They were driving down Highway 61.”

That highway connects Dylan’s birthplace of Duluth, Minnesota, to the Mississippi Delta. In 1965, Dylan released “Highway 61 Revisited,” generally regarded as one of the best albums of all time.

Dylan moved on, but Ladner said Dylan never forgot her sister, Dorie, a major civil rights figure who passed away last year.

“Whenever he performed in Washington, D.C., she would hang out backstage with him and the guys,” Ladner recalled. “That went on for years.”

She said she believes Dylan penned “Outlaw Blues” about her sister.

I got a girl in Jackson, I ain’t gonna say her name

I got a girl in Jackson, I ain’t gonna say her name

She’s a brown-skin woman, but I love her just the same.

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

Mississippi Today

New state-appointed Jackson court opening a year late

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mississippitoday.org – Mina Corpuz – 2025-01-17 16:28:00

The Capitol Complex Improvement District Court is set to open in downtown Jackson a year after it was set to begin hearing cases with a state-appointed judge and prosecutors. 

An opening ceremony is scheduled for Jan. 24, at 10:30 a.m. at the court’s building at 201 S. Jefferson St., a former bus terminal located near the fairgrounds. 

As of Friday, the identity of the judge who will hear cases has not been announced. Instead, Supreme Court Chief Justice Mike Randolph is expected to introduce the judicial appointees at next week’s ceremony. 

The attorney general’s office has also appointed a prosecutor to the CCID court. A spokesperson did not respond to a request for comment Friday about that appointee. 

Jan. 27 will be the CCID court’s first day of business, starting at 8 a.m.

While the court was being established, elected Hinds County judges continued to hear cases meant for the CCID and people were held in area jails, including at detention centers in Hinds and Rankin counties. 

House Bill 1020, signed during the 2023 legislative session, created the CCID court and expanded the jurisdiction of the Capitol Police, whose cases will be heard in the court. The court was supposed to be established in 2024. 

The bill also gave appointment responsibilities to the chief justice and attorney general, and said people convicted of misdemeanors could be housed at the Central Mississippi Correctional Facility – a state prison. 

The court and police expansion were touted as solutions to crime and an overloaded Hinds County court system. Pushback came from Jackson lawmakers, advocacy groups and community members. 

Two lawsuits challenged the law, one at the state level and another in federal court. To date, both suits have been resolved

The MacArthur Justice Center, which was part of the challenge of HB 1020, formed a courtwatch group made up of volunteers who will sit in on court proceedings and track outcomes of cases. That information is expected to be made available publicly. 

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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How a college campaign volunteer helped build the GOP and became a two-term Mississippi governor

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mississippitoday.org – Haley Barbour – 2025-01-17 10:56:00

This essay is part of an ongoing Mississippi Today Ideas series showcasing first-person perspectives of former Mississippi governors. We asked them to write about their successes while in office and perhaps what they wished had gone a little differently during their tenure.


My campaign for governor in 2003 followed a 35-year career in Republican politics in Mississippi, across the South and nationally.

I started in Mississippi in 1968 as a 20-year-old field representative for Richard Nixon’s campaign in 30 central counties. It was during that campaign that I saw my first political poll. It showed only 6% of Mississippians identified as Republican. Nixon got 13% of the vote in our state, though it was not Democrat Hubert Humphrey who won the state. We defeated him, but independent George Wallace won it. To be a Republican in Mississippi in 1968, you had to be an optimist.

In 1970 I was appointed state director of the U.S. Census for Mississippi, which was a political patronage job. I was only 22 years old then and had some 2,700 employees.

Despite my age, we finished ahead of schedule and under budget. 

In 1972 I came back to the state Republican Party to direct the Nixon reelection campaign in Mississippi as well as coordinate the three GOP House races in the state. Thad Cochran and Trent Lott both won congressional seats left open by Democrats, registering major GOP breakthroughs in our state. 

That same year, Republican Gil Carmichael of Meridian ran a serious race against longtime U.S. Sen. Jim Eastland.

While 1972 began a strong GOP attack on the state’s one-party system, nearly all state, federal, county and municipal elected officials remained Democrats. Movement to a competitive two-party system would be evolutionary, requiring piece-by-piece progress over more than 20 years. For example, from the 1972 breakthrough by Cochran and Lott, no Mississippi legislative body elected a Republican majority until 2012.

Importantly, however, Thad in 1978 and Trent in 1988 were elected to the U.S. Senate, and Kirk Fordice won two terms as governor in 1991 and 1995.

After Ronnie Musgrove succeeded Fordice, I began to get encouragement to run for governor, which I did in the 2003 election.

My campaign was largely about policy and reforms of existing policies, such as tort reform. Musgrove’s administration had made a pass at tort reform, which was not considered effective.

Our reforms included a greater emphasis on workforce development and skills training in public education, especially at our community colleges.

I pledged to maintain a balanced budget, which the previous administration had not done. I said we would balance the budget without raising anybody’s taxes, which we did within two years.

Major emphasis was placed on economic development and job creation. I had always thought the public’s view was that the governor was the state’s chief economic development and job creation officer.

As noted earlier, the Democrats had majority control of both legislative chambers. The House never had a GOP majority while I was governor (2004-2012), and the Senate only had a GOP majority in 2011 because two senators elected as Democrats switched to the GOP that year.

Despite the divided government, my administration had good success with the Legislature. We never had a veto overridden, and both houses were very cooperative with my handling of the Hurricane Katrina crisis and all its programs and redevelopments. Speaker Billy McCoy publicly and accurately said the governor had to be in charge of spending and programs paid for by the federal government, and he and the Legislature abided by that statement.

My administration worked with Congress and the Bush administration to amend federal disaster assistance programs and successfully filled gaps in the then existing major programs.

Mississippi was commended by federal inspectors general and others for the way we managed our programs funded by federal funds, which amounted to $24.5 billion.

I believe my administration will always be remembered first by how we handled our recovery and rebuilding after Katrina, which was at that time the worst natural disaster in U.S. history.

Tort reform was a major accomplishment that achieved very positive results after a tough fight in the Legislature. Another critical accomplishment was allowing casinos on the Coast to move onshore. I always congratulated Democratic Speaker McCoy, who opposed gaming but then allowed the onshoring bill to come to the floor for a vote. The bill passed, even though McCoy voted “no.”

We had great success in attracting high quality industries which generated high paying jobs. Per capita income increased 34%. Companies like Toyota, GE Aviation, PACCAR, Federal Express, Caterpillar, Winchester, Severstal, Airbus and others either came to the state or expanded here.

Disappointments included failure to get the Obama administration to deepen the ship channel to the Port of Gulfport; or to get Congress to allow us to buy the railroad and right of way just above Beach Boulevard in Harrison, Jackson and Hancock counties and relocate it north of I-10. The purchased right of way would have been replaced by a thoroughfare on the track bed at least 6-lanes wide with controlled access. The Coast has come back and greatly improved since Katrina, but these two projects would have made it far, far better. 

Haley Barbour served as Mississippi governor from 2004-2012. From 1993 to 1997, he served as chairman of the Republican National Committee, managing the 1994 Republican surge that led to GOP control of both houses of Congress for the first time in 40 years. A native of Yazoo City, Barbour still resides in his hometown with his wife, Marsha. They have two sons and seven grandchildren.

Editor’s note: Marsha and Haley Barbour donated to Mississippi Today in 2016. Donors do not in any way influence our newsroom’s editorial decisions. For more on that policy or to view a list of our donors, click here.

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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IHL raises two presidents’ salaries

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mississippitoday.org – Molly Minta – 2025-01-17 09:44:00

The presidents of the University of Southern Mississippi and Mississippi Valley State University received raises at the end of last year, according to meeting minutes from the Institutions of Higher Learning Board of Trustees’ November executive session. 

The raises, which took effect earlier this month, appear to have been granted after trustees discussed the job performances of USM President Joe Paul and MVSU President Jerryl Briggs, minutes show. 

“University presidents across the state and throughout the country are facing substantive challenges in an increasingly competitive environment, and it is important that good work in that environment is recognized and rewarded,” an IHL spokesperson wrote in a statement. 

Joe Paul, University of Southern Mississippi president. Credit: Eric Shelton/Mississippi Today

The third highest-paid college president in the state, Paul is now making $700,000 a year, a $50,000 raise over his previous salary, meeting minutes show. The raise came from the state-funded portion of Paul’s salary while the USM Foundation will continue to pay him an annual supplement of $200,000. 

“I am thankful for the confidence and support of the IHL Board of Trustees, and I look forward to leading my alma mater for the next four years,” Paul said in a statement. “Meg and I have committed to contributing this salary increase and more to the USM Foundation and the Southern Miss Athletic Foundation over the time of my contract.”

Jerryl Briggs, Mississippi Valley State University president Credit: MVSU

Briggs will now make $310,000 a year, an increase of $10,000 in state funds. He will continue to receive a $5,000 supplement from the MVSU J.H. White Foundation. The IHL board renewed Briggs’ contract two years ago but did not grant him a raise. 

“I am deeply grateful for the support of the IHL Board and our university community,” Briggs said in a statement. “At Mississippi Valley State University, we remain steadfast in our commitment to fiscal responsibility, fostering enrollment growth, and expanding access to higher education opportunities for individuals in the Mississippi Delta and beyond. Together, we are truly ‘In Motion!’”

This article first appeared on Mississippi Today and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.

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